Author Santiago Sainz, Economics & Social Affairs Department | Date August 2026 | License CC BY-NC 4.0 | DOI 10.5281/zenodo.21805099 | Language English Executive Summary What does the second half of 2026 hold for the European economy? Europe is not facing one shock. It is facing three at once, and they are reinforcing each other. […]
European Macroeconomic Prospects: Scenario Analysis and Outlook for H2 2026 Read More »
DOI: 10.5281 INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OBSERVATORY | ECONOMICS & SOCIAL AFFAIRS DEPARTMENT AUTHOR Santiago Sainz PUBLISHED BY International Sustainable Development Observatory (ISDO) · Economics & Social Affairs Department | isdo.ch DOMAIN Human Rights & Social Policy DATE June 18, 2026 ABSTRACT This report provides a systematic, academically neutral assessment of the documented treatment of four population
Discrimination and Treatment of Population Groups in Europe Read More »
Author: Santiago Sainz DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20356457 Podcast on this Report: ABSTRACT This report provides the first rigorous, firm-level framework for assessing, building, and communicating corporate AI-for-climate capability. Using the firm — not the country, bloc, or sector — as the primary unit of analysis, it introduces two original analytical tools: the Corporate Climate AI Maturity Matrix
Author: Santiago Sainz, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20182161 Podcast on this Report: ABSTRACT This article examines Europe’s competitive position in critical and frontier technologies, assessing where the European Union holds measurable or plausible strategic strength relative to the United States and China. Drawing on official European Commission documents—including the Competitiveness Compass, the Strategic Technologies for Europe Platform (STEP),
Author: Santiago Sainz 1. Introduction Since the global financial crisis of 2008 and, especially, since the COVID‑19 pandemic, public debt ratios in the European Union have risen to structurally higher levels than those observed in previous decades. This process has been accompanied by a prolonged period of extraordinarily low, and at times negative, real interest
1. Executive summary This report analyzes why Spain combines robust post‑pandemic job creation and record employment with persistently high unemployment, especially among young people and the long‑term unemployed, as well as widespread job instability, in‑work poverty and strong regional and social disparities, compared with major EU economies such as France, Germany, Italy, Portugal and Ireland.
Spain’s labour market and its structural gap with major EU economies Read More »
Overview This comprehensive report examines how artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies are transforming environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risk assessment in financial markets. By integrating advanced computational methods with rigorous financial theory and ethical frameworks, ESG-AI systems enable institutions to move beyond aspirational sustainability commitments toward measurable, verifiable, and operationally embedded ESG integration. The
Sustainable finance and AI: ESG risk assessment with machine learning Read More »
Tabla de Contenidos 1. Introducción 1.1. Justificación y Objetivos El mercado inmobiliario residencial constituye uno de los ejes estructurantes de la dinámica socioeconómica urbana contemporánea. En el contexto español, la última década ha presenciado oscilaciones significativas en los precios de vivienda, accesibilidad y patrones de inversión, fenómenos que adquieren particular relevancia en ciudades intermedias como
Evolución de Precios de Vivienda y Alquileres en Zaragoza 2025 Read More »
Executive Summary The European electric vehicle market demonstrates robust growth momentum, achieving a record 15.8% market share for battery-electric vehicles (BEVs) by August 2025, representing a significant increase from 12.6% in the previous year. This growth trajectory, with 1.54 million BEVs registered through August 2025 marking 27% growth compared to 2024, reflects sustained consumer adoption
Analysis of the European electric vehicle market. Read More »
Table of contents: Executive Summary This report delivers a comprehensive and critical evaluation of the global implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as the 2030 deadline approaches. The analysis incorporates the latest empirical data, peer-reviewed scholarship, and the findings of official international assessments. Evidence presented herein demonstrates that, whilst the SDGs have catalysed important
